Published

2008-01-01

The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action

Desempeño de morteros adicionados con metacaolín frente a la acción de sulfatos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875

Keywords:

kaolin, metakaolin, sulphate, durability, pozzolan (en)
caolín, metacaolín, sulfatos, durabilidad, puzolana (es)

Authors

  • Janneth Torres Agredo Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez Universidad del Valle
  • Constanza Gutiérrez Universidad del Valle

This paper evaluates the performance of adding Colombian metakaolin (MK) to mortar when these are submitted to sulphate action. Four proportions of MK were used as cement replacement in this study: 10%, 20%, 35% and 50% by weight of cement; cement having 11% tricalcium aluminate was used. Mortar specimens were immersed in 5% sodium sulphate solution for a total period of 280 days after the specified initial moist curing period, the degree of sulphate attack was evaluated by measuring the mortar’s cylindrical expansion, mortar cubes’ compressive strength reduction and visual inspection of mortar specimens. An additional study using X-ray diffraction was conducted to determine the products formed in the cement pastes due to the sulphate attack. The results showed that MK mortar sulphate resistance increased when increasing MK replacement level. An MK proportion greater than 20% is recommended for obtaining better performance against sulphate attack.

El presente artículo reporta los resultados de la evaluación del desempeño de morteros adicionados con un metacaolín (MK) de origen colombiano, al ser sometidos a la acción de sulfatos. Se elaboraron morteros de cemento adicionados con MK en proporciones de 0, 10, 20, 35 y 50% con respecto a la cantidad de cemento. El cemento utilizado contenía 11% de aluminato tricálcico. Después del tiempo de curado inicial, los especímenes fueron colocados en una solución de sulfato de sodio al 5% por un periodo de 280 días. El ataque de los sulfatos fue evaluado midiendo la expansión de los morteros, la pérdida de resistencia y mediante observación visual. Adicionalmente se realizó un estudio en pastas de cemento con y sin adición de MK por medio de la técnica de difracción de rayos X, con el fin de determinar los productos formados debido al ataque de sulfatos. El estudio mostró que la resistencia del cemento con contenidos altos de AC3 es superior en presencia de MK y que este efecto es más notorio al incrementar la proporción de MK en el mortero. Con base en los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, se recomienda la incorporación de porcentajes superiores al 20% MK para obtener buena resistencia a sulfatos.

References

Roy, K. H., Improving Concrete Durability with Cementitious Materials., Concrete International, Vol. 23, No. 9, 2001, pp. 47-51.

ACI Committee 201., Quid to durable concrete., American Concrete Institute, Report of ACI Committee, Detroit: ACI 201.2R-77, DETER, 1982, pp.37.

Bentz, D. P., Clifton, J. R., Ferraris, C. F., Garboczi, E. J., Transport Properties and Durability of concrete: Literature Review and Research Plan., NISTIR 6395, Mary-land, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.6395

Mejía de Gutiérrez, R., Durabilidad y Corrosión en Materiales Cementicios., Seminario Internacional, Costa Rica, CYTED, 1999, pp. 185.

Turker, F., Akoz F., Koral S., Yuzer N., Effects of magnesium sulfate concentration on the sulfate resistance of mortars with and without silica fume., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 27, No. 2, 1997, pp. 205-214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00009-4

Collepardi, M., A State of the Art Review on delayed ettringite attack on concrete., Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 25, 2003, pp.401-407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00080-X

Caldarone, A., Gruber, A., Burg, G., High-Reactivity Metakaolin: A New Generation Mineral Mixture., Concrete International, 1994, pp. 37-41.

Balogh, A., High Reactivity Metakaolin., Concrete Construction, Vol. 40, No. 7, 1995, pp. 1-3.

Kakali, G., Perraki, T., Tsivilis, S., Badogiannis, E., Thermal treatment of kaolin: the effect of mineralogy on the pozzolanic activity, Applied Clay Science, Vol. 20, 2001, pp. 73-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1317(01)00040-0

Razak, H. A., Wong, H. S., Strength estimation model for high-strength concrete incorporating metakaolin and silica fume., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, 2005, pp. 688-695. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.040

Sharman, A., Kovler, K., Grader, G. S., Shteret, G. E., The effect of dehydroxylation/amorphization degree on pozzolanic activity of kaolinite., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, 2003, pp. 405-416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00975-4

Frías, M., Cabrera, J., Pore size distribution and degree of hydration of metakaolin-cement pastes., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, 2000, pp. 561-569. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00203-9

Malopesk, J., Pytel, Z., Effect of metakaolinite on strength and chemical resistance of cement mortars., Durability of Concrete, CANMET ed., 2000, pp. 189-204

Torres, J., De Gutiérrez, R. M., Puertas, F., Efecto de la temperatura de tratamiento de un caolín en la permeabilidad a cloruros de morteros adicionados., Materiales de Construcción, Vol. 57, No. 285, 2007, pp. 61-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2007.v57.i285.39

De Gutiérrez, R. M., Torres, J., Vizcayno, C., Castello, R., Influence of the calcination temperature of kaolin on the mechanical properties of blended mortars and concretes., Clay Minerals. in press.

Batis, G., Pantazopoulou, P., Tsivilis, S., Badogiannis, E., The effect of metakaolin on the corrosion behaviour of cement mortars., Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 27, 2005, pp. 125-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.041

Mejía de Gutiérrez, R., Torres, J., Guerrero, C.E., Análisis del Proceso Térmico de producción de una puzolana., Materiales de Construcción, Vol. 54, 2004, pp. 65-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2004.v54.i274.233

Courard, L., Darimont, A., Schouterden, M., Ferauche, F., Willem, X., Degeimbre, R., Durability of Mortars Modified with Metakaolin., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, 2003, pp. 1473-1479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00090-5

Khatib, J. M., Wild, S., Sulphate Resistance of Metakaolin Mortar. Cement and Concrete Research., 1998, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 83-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00210-X

Ramlochan, T., Thomas, M., Effect of Metakaolin on External Sulfate Attack, Durability of Concrete. Canmet, 2000, pp. 239-251.

Al-amoudi, OSB., Attack on plain and blended cements exposed to aggressive sulfate environment. Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 24, 2002, pp. 305–316. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00082-8

Nabil M., AL-Akhras., Durability of metakaolin concrete to sulfate attack, Cement and concrete research, Vol. 36, 2006, pp. 1727–1734. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.03.026

Mejía de Gutiérrez, R., Torres, J., Silva, J., Delvasto, S., Influencia de la adición de MK a morteros y hormigones., Boletín Geológico y Minero, Vol. 117, No. 4, 2006, pp. 715-722.

Taylor, H. F. W., Cement Chemistry., Academic press, Lon don, 1990.

Asbridge, A. H., Jones, T. R., G. J. Osborne., High Performance concrete, Results of large scale trials in aggressive environments. International congress-concrete in the service of Mankind: Radical Concrete Technology, University of Dundee, 1996, pp. 13-24.

Talero, R., Performance of Metakaolin and Portland Cements Forming Ettringite: Kinetic and Morphological Di fferences., Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 35, No. 7, 2005, pp. 1269-1284. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.10.002

How to Cite

APA

Torres Agredo, J., Mejía de Gutiérrez, R. and Gutiérrez, C. (2008). The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action. Ingeniería e Investigación, 28(1), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875

ACM

[1]
Torres Agredo, J., Mejía de Gutiérrez, R. and Gutiérrez, C. 2008. The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action. Ingeniería e Investigación. 28, 1 (Jan. 2008), 117–122. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875.

ACS

(1)
Torres Agredo, J.; Mejía de Gutiérrez, R.; Gutiérrez, C. The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action. Ing. Inv. 2008, 28, 117-122.

ABNT

TORRES AGREDO, J.; MEJÍA DE GUTIÉRREZ, R.; GUTIÉRREZ, C. The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action. Ingeniería e Investigación, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 1, p. 117–122, 2008. DOI: 10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/14875. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2024.

Chicago

Torres Agredo, Janneth, Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez, and Constanza Gutiérrez. 2008. “The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action”. Ingeniería E Investigación 28 (1):117-22. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875.

Harvard

Torres Agredo, J., Mejía de Gutiérrez, R. and Gutiérrez, C. (2008) “The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action”, Ingeniería e Investigación, 28(1), pp. 117–122. doi: 10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875.

IEEE

[1]
J. Torres Agredo, R. Mejía de Gutiérrez, and C. Gutiérrez, “The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action”, Ing. Inv., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 117–122, Jan. 2008.

MLA

Torres Agredo, J., R. Mejía de Gutiérrez, and C. Gutiérrez. “The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action”. Ingeniería e Investigación, vol. 28, no. 1, Jan. 2008, pp. 117-22, doi:10.15446/ing.investig.v28n1.14875.

Turabian

Torres Agredo, Janneth, Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez, and Constanza Gutiérrez. “The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action”. Ingeniería e Investigación 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 117–122. Accessed March 28, 2024. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/14875.

Vancouver

1.
Torres Agredo J, Mejía de Gutiérrez R, Gutiérrez C. The performance of mortar containing added metakaolin regarding sulfate action. Ing. Inv. [Internet]. 2008 Jan. 1 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];28(1):117-22. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv/article/view/14875

Download Citation

CrossRef Cited-by

CrossRef citations2

1. Nancy Torres Castellanos, Janneth Torres Agredo, Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez. (2013). Performance under sulfate attack of concrete additioned with fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC) and metakaolin (MK). Ingeniería e Investigación, 33(1), p.18. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v33n1.37661.

2. Matthew Sullivan, Mi Chorzepa, Hiwa Hamid, Stephan Durham, S. Kim. (2018). Sustainable Materials for Transportation Infrastructures: Comparison of Three Commercially-Available Metakaolin Products in Binary Cementitious Systems. Infrastructures, 3(3), p.17. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures3030017.

Dimensions

PlumX

Article abstract page views

348

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)